Introduction Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 transition metals, including Sc, Y, and 15 lanthanides, in the periodic table of chemical elements (Balaram, 2019). Nevertheless, the lanthanides…

1 Introduction Natural gas hydrate is a new type of clean energy that has been paid attention to since the 20th century. It is widely distributed in the continental shelf,…

Introduction In 2015, at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the adoption of the Paris Agreement (PA) brought together…

Introduction In Central and Western China’s foreland areas, those strata ranging in depth from 4,000 to 6000 m are considered to be deep strata, while the strata with a depth of…

Test facility architecture and apparatus As part of a cooperative research project between CERN, TU Dresden, University of Stuttgart and MAN Energy Solutions on the advantage and challenges associated to…

1 Introduction The use of biotechnology has led to a great advancement in scientific and industrial progress in recent years. Many economically significant industries such as food processing, agriculture, and…

Introduction Composting has been applied worldwide as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method for sanitation and recycling animal waste (Loyon, 2017; Zheng et al., 2020). However, one major complication during…

Dole M, Wilson FR, Fife WP. Science hyperbaric hydrogen therapy: a possible treatment for cancer. Science. 1975;190:152–4. CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar  Wan WL, Lin YJ, Chen HL, Huang CC,…

1 Introduction Recent research on gas sensors shows a strong drive for development of methane (CH4) detectors (Aldhafeeri et al., 2020), based on technologies spanning from semiconductors (Wang et al.,…

Introduction In recent years, China’s reliance on petroleum has grown, while energy supplies are becoming increasingly scarce. According to rough statistics, the remaining recoverable resources of shale oil in China…